Heavy! The State Council passed the regulations on the administration of earthquake resistance of construction projects (Draft)!
Time : 2021-05-12
Recently, Premier Li Keqiang chaired an executive meeting of the State Council, which adopted the regulations on the administration of earthquake resistance of construction projects (Draft), defined the requirements and measures for seismic fortification of new, reconstructed and expanded construction projects, standardized the seismic identification, reinforcement and maintenance of completed construction projects, and strengthened the seismic fortification of rural construction projects. Compaction responsibility, strengthen supervision, increase punishment, ensure project quality and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
Key contents:
The persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible of the unit shall be fined not less than 5% but not more than 10% of the fine of the unit.
It is necessary to conduct seismic performance appraisal for construction projects, conduct safety monitoring for construction projects with serious seismic safety hazards, and take measures such as stopping or restricting use before reinforcement.
If the construction unit violates the contract, it shall be ordered to make corrections and fined 2% ~ 4% of the project contract price; If the project does not meet the mandatory standards for seismic fortification, it shall be responsible for rework, reinforcement and compensation for losses; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification, reduce its qualification level or revoke its qualification certificate.
If the construction unit explicitly or implicitly indicates that the construction unit reduces the seismic performance of the project, it shall be ordered to make corrections and be fined not less than 200000 yuan but not more than 500000 yuan.
If the construction unit fails to take samples for inspection or uses unqualified isolation and damping devices, it shall be ordered to make corrections and be fined not less than 100000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification, reduce its qualification level or revoke its qualification certificate; If losses are caused, it shall be liable for compensation according to law.
The vibration isolation and damping device belongs to the main structure construction, which shall be completed by the general contractor.
After the completion acceptance is qualified, the information such as seismic reinforcement time and subsequent service life shall be publicized by means of information means or permanent signs at prominent parts of the project.
Introduction process:
The Ministry of housing and urban rural development drafted the regulations on the administration of earthquake resistance of construction projects (Draft for approval) and submitted it to the State Council for deliberation.
After receiving this, the Ministry of justice has repeatedly solicited opinions from relevant parties, conducted field research, repeatedly studied and revised it together with the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, and formed a draft for comments.
Scope of application:
Survey, design, construction, appraisal, reinforcement, maintenance, supervision and management of earthquake resistance of construction projects.
Emergency relief and other temporary construction projects are not applicable.
About survey, design and construction
First, it is stipulated that construction projects should avoid dangerous sections determined in the special plan for earthquake resistance and disaster prevention. Second, it stipulates the responsibilities of construction, survey and design, general contracting, construction, supervision, production and operation enterprises of isolation and damping devices, engineering quality inspection institutions and other parties. Third, it is stipulated that schools, kindergartens, hospitals, elderly care institutions, emergency command centers, emergency shelters and other public buildings shall take seismic measures higher than the requirements of ordinary housing buildings.
Identification, reinforcement and maintenance
First, clarify the seismic performance appraisal system of construction projects. Second, it is required to carry out safety monitoring on construction projects with serious potential seismic safety hazards, and take measures such as stopping or restricting use before reinforcement. Third: after the completion acceptance of seismic reinforcement is qualified, information such as seismic reinforcement time and subsequent service life shall be publicized. Fourth, it is required to inspect, repair and maintain the seismic components, isolation ditches, isolation joints, isolation and damping devices and signs of construction projects, and eliminate potential safety hazards in time.
Attached:
Regulations on the administration of earthquake resistance of construction projects (Draft for comments)
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the construction law of the people's Republic of China, the law of the people's Republic of China on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction and other laws in order to improve the earthquake resistance and disaster prevention capacity of construction projects, reduce the risk of earthquake disasters and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
Article 2 These Regulations shall apply to the survey, design, construction, appraisal, reinforcement, maintenance and other activities of anti-seismic construction projects within the territory of the people's Republic of China, as well as their supervision and administration.
Article 3 construction, survey, design, construction, project supervision, production of isolation and damping devices, project quality inspection, seismic performance appraisal and other units and relevant personnel shall be responsible for the seismic resistance of construction projects according to law.
Article 4 earthquake resistance of construction projects shall adhere to the principles of people-oriented, comprehensive fortification and highlighting key points.
Article 5 the departments of housing and urban rural development, transportation, water conservancy, industry, information technology and energy under the State Council shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, be responsible for the supervision and administration of earthquake resistance of housing construction and municipal infrastructure, transportation, water conservancy, communication, energy and other construction projects throughout the country. The departments of housing and urban rural development, transportation, water conservancy, communications and energy of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their respective functions and duties, be responsible for the supervision and administration of earthquake resistance of housing construction and municipal infrastructure, transportation, water conservancy, communications and energy construction projects within their respective administrative areas. Other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the provisions of these regulations and other relevant laws and regulations, be responsible for the work related to earthquake resistance of construction projects within their respective functions and responsibilities.
Article 6 the State encourages and supports the research, development and application of anti-seismic technology for construction projects. People's governments at all levels shall organize the publicity and popularization of knowledge about earthquake resistance of construction projects and improve the public's awareness of earthquake resistance and disaster prevention.
Article 7 the state establishes a system of seismic investigation, statistics and monitoring of construction projects. The people's governments at or above the county level shall organize relevant departments to investigate, count and monitor the seismic performance of construction projects, the application of seismic technology and industrial development.
Chapter II survey, design and construction
Article 8 construction projects shall avoid dangerous sections determined in the special plan for earthquake resistance and disaster prevention. If it is really unavoidable, anti-seismic measures that meet the functional requirements and adapt to the seismic damage effect shall be taken.
Article 9 new construction, expansion and reconstruction projects shall meet the mandatory standards for seismic fortification.
Article 10 the construction unit shall be responsible for the whole process of survey, design and construction of the construction project, specify the mandatory standards for seismic fortification adopted in the survey, design and construction contract, verify the survey and design results according to the requirements of the contract, organize project acceptance, and ensure that the construction project meets the mandatory standards for seismic fortification. The construction unit shall not express or imply that the survey, design, construction and other units and employees violate the mandatory standards for seismic fortification and reduce the seismic performance of the project.
Article 11 the survey documents of construction projects shall specify the types of anti-seismic sites, analyze the seismic damage effects of the sites, and put forward suggestions on project site selection, adverse geological disposal, etc. The design documents of construction projects shall specify the seismic fortification intensity, the category of seismic fortification and the seismic measures adopted. For construction projects using isolation and damping technology, the design documents shall put forward clear requirements for the technical performance, inspection and testing, construction, installation, use and maintenance of isolation and damping devices.
Article 12 for the following construction projects located in high intensity fortification areas and key earthquake monitoring and defense areas, the design unit shall take the special chapter on seismic fortification of construction projects as an integral part of the design documents at the preliminary design stage: (1) major construction projects; （2） Projects that may cause serious secondary disasters during earthquakes; （3） The project whose use function cannot be interrupted or needs to be restored as soon as possible during earthquake.
Article 13 for a high-rise building project exceeding the limit, the design unit shall explain it in the design documents, and the construction unit shall submit the design documents to the competent department of housing and urban rural construction of the people's Government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the central government for seismic fortification examination and approval at the preliminary design stage. The specific measures shall be formulated by the competent department of housing and urban rural development under the State Council. The design unit shall design the construction drawings according to the approval opinions on seismic fortification of transfinite high-rise building projects.
Article 14 the general contractor, construction unit and project supervision unit shall strengthen the management of the construction quality of anti-seismic measures of construction projects to ensure that the quality responsibility can be traced. The State encourages general contracting units and construction units to collect and retain construction quality information of concealed works by means of informatization.
Article 15 schools, kindergartens, hospitals, elderly care institutions, emergency command centers, emergency shelters and other public buildings shall take anti-seismic measures in accordance with the requirements higher than ordinary housing buildings. New schools, kindergartens, hospitals, elderly care institutions, emergency command centers, emergency shelters and other public buildings located in high intensity fortified areas and key earthquake monitoring and defense areas shall adopt seismic isolation and damping technology to ensure that the building function will not be lost in the event of a fortified earthquake in this area. The State encourages the application of seismic isolation and damping technology in prefabricated buildings to improve seismic performance.
Article 16 The State shall strengthen the formulation of relevant technical standards for seismic isolation and damping devices. The production and operation enterprises of isolation and damping devices shall establish a quality information management system to collect and store the production, operation and testing information of isolation and damping devices, so as to ensure that the quality information of isolation and damping devices can be traced. The quality of vibration isolation and damping devices shall comply with the provisions of relevant product quality laws and regulations.
Article 17 before seismic isolation and damping devices are used in construction projects, the construction unit shall take samples under the supervision of the construction unit or the project supervision unit and send them to a qualified project quality testing institution entrusted by the construction unit for testing. In case of general construction contracting, the construction of isolation and damping devices belonging to the main structure of the construction project shall be completed by the general contracting unit itself. Unqualified vibration isolation and damping devices shall not be used. The project quality inspection institution shall be responsible for the authenticity and accuracy of the test data and test report of the isolation and damping device, and shall not issue false test data and test report.
Article 18 the construction unit shall record the design service life, structural system, seismic performance and other specific conditions of the building and the requirements for use and maintenance in the operation manual, and deliver the operation manual to the user or the buyer.
Article 19 If the buyer and lessee of the house inquire about the design service life, structural system, seismic performance, seismic reinforcement, demolition and change of the main structure and components of the house from relevant archives management institutions and construction units, the seller and lessor of the house shall cooperate.
第三（sān）章 Identification, reinforcement and maintenance
Article 20 the State applies a system for appraising the seismic performance of construction projects. The owner shall entrust an institution with corresponding technical conditions and capabilities to appraise a construction project that should be appraised for its seismic performance according to law. The State encourages existing construction projects other than those mentioned in the preceding paragraph that have not taken seismic fortification measures or have not met the mandatory standards for seismic fortification to conduct seismic performance appraisal.
Article 21 The results of seismic performance appraisal shall determine whether there are serious potential seismic safety hazards in the construction project and whether seismic reinforcement is necessary. The results of seismic performance appraisal shall be true, objective and accurate.
Article 22 the owner of a construction project shall monitor the safety of the construction project with serious potential seismic safety hazards, and take measures such as stopping or restricting the use before reinforcement. The owner of the existing construction project that needs seismic reinforcement and has reinforcement value according to the seismic performance appraisal results應當進行抗震加固。位於高烈（liè）度設防地區、地（dì）震重點監視防禦區的（de）學校、幼（yòu）兒（ér）園（yuán）、醫院、養老機構、應（yīng）急指揮中心、應急避難場所（suǒ）等既（jì）有公共建築進行抗（kàng）震加固時,應當采用隔震減（jiǎn）震技術。
第二十三條 抗震加固應當依照《建設工程質量管理（lǐ）條例》等規（guī）定執行，並符合抗震設防強製性標準。After the completion acceptance is qualified, the information such as seismic reinforcement time and subsequent service life shall be publicized by means of information means or permanent signs at prominent parts of the project.
第二十四條 建設工（gōng）程所有權人應當按照規定對建設工程抗震構（gòu）件、隔震溝、隔震縫（féng）、隔震減震裝置及（jí）標（biāo）識進行檢查、修繕和維（wéi）護（hù），及時排除安全隱患（huàn）。任何（hé）單位和（hé）個人不得擅自變動、損壞（huài）或者拆除建設工程抗震構件、隔震溝、隔震縫、隔震減（jiǎn）震裝置及標識。任何單（dān）位和個人發現擅自變動、損壞（huài）或者拆除建（jiàn）設工（gōng）程抗震構（gòu）件、隔震溝、隔震縫、隔震減（jiǎn）震裝置及標識的行為，有權予以製止，並向住（zhù）房（fáng）城鄉建設主管部門或者其他有關監督管理部門報告。
第（dì）四（sì）章 農村建設工程抗震設防
第二十五條 各級人民政府和有關部門應當加強對農村建設工程抗震設防的管（guǎn）理，提高（gāo）農村建設工程抗震性能。
第二十六條 縣級以上（shàng）人民政府應當多方籌集（jí）資金，對經抗震性能鑒定未達到抗震設防強製性標準的農村村民住（zhù）宅和鄉村公共設施建設工程抗震加固給（gěi）予支持。
第二十（shí）七條 縣級以上地方人民政府應當編製、發（fā）放實用（yòng）抗震技術圖集。農村村民住宅建設可以選用抗震技術圖集，也可以委托設計（jì）單位進行設計，並根據圖集或（huò）者設計的要求進行（háng）施（shī）工。
第二十八條 縣級以上地方人民政府應當加強對農村（cūn）村民住宅和鄉村公共設（shè）施建設工程（chéng）抗震的指（zhǐ）導和服務，加強（qiáng）技術培訓，組織建設抗震示（shì）範住房，推廣應用抗震性能好的結構形式及建造方法（fǎ）。
第二十九條 實施農村危房（fáng）改造、易地扶貧（pín）搬遷、移民（mín）搬遷（qiān）、災後恢複重建等，應當（dāng）保證建設工程達到抗震設防強製性標準。
第（dì）五章 保障與扶持
第三十條 縣級以上人民（mín）政府應當加強對建設工程抗震管理工作的組織領導，建立建設工程抗震（zhèn）管理工作（zuò）機製，將（jiāng）相關工作納入本級國（guó）民經濟和社會發展規劃。縣級以上（shàng）人民政府應當（dāng）將建（jiàn）設工程抗震工作所需經費列入本級預算。
第（dì）三十一條 直轄市、市（shì）、縣人民政府應當（dāng）製定並實施未（wèi）采取抗震設防（fáng）措施或者未達到抗震設防強製性標準的老舊房屋改造計劃，並給予政策支持。國家鼓勵建設工程所有權人結合電梯加裝、節能改造等開展抗震加固，提升老舊房屋抗震性能。
第三十二條 國家鼓勵金融機構開（kāi）發和提供金融產（chǎn）品和服務，促進建設工程抗震防（fáng）災能力（lì）提高（gāo），支持建設工程抗震相關產業發展和新技術應用。縣級以上地方人民政府應當依法綜合運（yùn）用政府和社會資本合作（zuò）、股權投資基金等方式，引導社會力量參（cān）與抗震性能鑒定、抗震加（jiā）固。
第三十三（sān）條 國家鼓勵科研教育機（jī）構依（yī）法設立建設工程（chéng）抗震技術實驗室和人才實訓基地。縣級以上人民政（zhèng）府應當依法對建設工程抗震（zhèn）新技術產業化項目（mù）用地、融資等給予政策支持。
第三十四（sì）條 縣級以（yǐ）上人民政府（fǔ）住房城鄉建（jiàn）設主管部門（mén）或者其他有關監督管理部門應當製定建設工程抗（kàng）震新技術推（tuī）廣目錄，加強對（duì）建設工程抗震管理和技術人（rén）員的培訓。
第三十五條 地震災害發生後，縣級以上人民政（zhèng）府住房城鄉建設主管部門或者其他有關監督管理部門應當開（kāi）展建設工程安全應急評估和建設工程震害調查，收集（jí）、保存（cún）相關資料。
第六章 監督管理
第三十六條 縣級以上人民政府住房城鄉建設（shè）主管部門（mén）或（huò）者其他有關監督管理部門（mén）履行建設工程抗震監管職責（zé）時，有權采取以下措施：（一）對建設工（gōng）程或者施工現場進行監（jiān）督檢查；（二）向有（yǒu）關（guān）人員調查了解有關情況；（三）查閱、複製被檢查單位有關建設工程抗震的文件和（hé）資料（liào）；（四）對抗震結構（gòu）材料、構件，隔震減震裝置實施（shī）抽樣檢測；（五）查封涉嫌（xián）違反抗震設防強製性標準的（de）施工現場；（六（liù））發現可能影響抗震質量的問題時（shí），責令（lìng）相關單位進行必要的檢測、鑒定。
第三十七條 縣級以上人（rén）民政（zhèng）府住房城鄉（xiāng）建設主管部門或者其（qí）他有關監督管（guǎn）理部門開展（zhǎn）監督檢查，應當隨機抽取檢查對象，隨機選派執法檢查人員，必要時可以委托（tuō）專業機構進行抽樣檢（jiǎn）測、抗震性能鑒定等技術支持工作。
第（dì）三十八條 縣（xiàn）級以上人民政府住房城（chéng）鄉建設主管部門或者其（qí）他（tā）有關監督管理部門應（yīng）當建立建設工程抗震責任企（qǐ）業及從業人員信用檔（dàng）案，將違反本條例的行為（wéi）記入信用檔案，並（bìng）納入（rù）全國（guó）信用信息共享平台。涉及有（yǒu）關企業和從業（yè）人員（yuán）的行政許可、行（háng）政處（chù）罰、不良信用（yòng）記錄、監督檢查結果等信息，應當依法通過國家相關信用信息公示係統向社會公示。
第七章 法律責任
第三十九條 違反本（běn）條例規定，住房城（chéng）鄉（xiāng）建設主管部門（mén）和其他有關監督管理部門工作人員在監督管理工作中玩忽（hū）職守、濫用職權（quán）、徇私舞弊的，依法給（gěi）予處分。
第四十條 違反本條例規定，建設單位未按照（zhào）規（guī）定申請超限高層建築工程抗震設防審批，擅自施工（gōng）的，責令停止施工，限期改正，處20萬（wàn）元以上100萬元（yuán）以（yǐ）下的罰款。違反本條例規定，建設單位明示或者暗示勘察、設（shè）計、施（shī）工等單位和從業人員違反抗震設防強製性標準，降低（dī）工程抗（kàng）震性能的，責令改正，處20萬元以上50萬元以下（xià）的罰款。
第四十一條 違反本條例規定，設計單（dān）位有下列行為之一的，責令改正，處10萬元以（yǐ）上30萬元以下的罰款；情節嚴重（chóng）的，責令（lìng）停（tíng）業整頓，降低資質等級或者吊（diào）銷資質證書（shū）；造成損失的，依法承擔賠償責任：（一）未（wèi）按照超限高層建築工程抗震設防審批意見進行施工圖設計；（二）未（wèi）在初步設（shè）計（jì）階段將建設工程抗（kàng）震設防專篇作為設計文件組成部分；（三）未按照抗震設（shè）防（fáng）強製性標準進行施工圖設計。
第四十二條 違反本條例規（guī）定，施工單位在施工中不按照抗震設防強製性標準施工的，責令改正，處工程合（hé）同價款百分之二以上百分之四以下的罰款；造成建設工程不符合抗震設防強製性標準的，負責返工、加固，並賠償因此造成的損失；情節嚴重的，責令停業整頓，降低（dī）資質等級或者吊銷資質證書。
第四（sì）十三條 違反本條（tiáo）例規定，未（wèi）對隔震減震裝置取（qǔ）樣送檢或者使用不（bú）合格隔震減震裝置的，責令（lìng）改正，處（chù）10萬元以上20萬元以下的（de）罰款；情節嚴重的（de），責令停業（yè）整頓，降低資質等級或者吊銷資質證書；造（zào）成損（sǔn）失的，依法承擔賠償責任。
第四十四條 違反本條例規定，擅自變（biàn）動、損壞或者拆除（chú）建設工程（chéng）抗震構件、隔震溝、隔震縫、隔震（zhèn）減震裝置及標識的，責令停止違（wéi）法行為，恢複原狀或者采取其他補救措施，對個人處5萬元以上10萬（wàn）元以下的罰款，對單位處10萬元以上30萬元以下的（de）罰款；造成損失的，依法承擔賠償責任。
第四十五條 違反（fǎn）本條例規定，抗震性能鑒定單（dān）位未按（àn）照抗震設防強製性標準進行抗震性（xìng）能鑒定，或者出具虛假鑒定結果的，責（zé）令（lìng）改正，處10萬元以上30萬元以下的罰款;情節嚴重的，責令停業整頓，並處30萬元以上50萬（wàn）元以下的罰款；造（zào）成損失（shī）的，依法（fǎ）承擔賠償責任。
第（dì）四十六條 依照本條例規定，給予單位罰款處罰的，對（duì）The persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible of the unit shall be fined not less than 5% but not more than 10% of the fine of the unit.本條例規定的責令停業整頓，降低資質等級或者吊銷資質證書的行政處罰，由頒發資質證（zhèng）書的機關決定；其他行政處罰（fá），由住房城鄉建設、交通運輸、水利（lì）、通信、能源（yuán）等部門依照（zhào）法定職權（quán）決定。
第四十（shí）七條 建設、勘（kān）察、設計、施工、工程監（jiān）理等單位（wèi）違反本（běn）條（tiáo）例規定的行為，《建設工程質量管理條例》《建設工程勘察設計（jì）管理條例》等（děng）規定行政處罰的，從其規定。
第四十八條 違反本條例規定的行為，構（gòu）成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
第八章（zhāng） 附 則（zé）
第四十九條 本條例下列用語的（de）含義：（一）地震時使（shǐ）用功能不能中斷或者需盡快恢複的建設工程：是指地震（zhèn）後提供（gòng）應急醫療、供水、供電、交通、通信等保障或者（zhě）應急（jí）指揮、避難疏散功能的建設工程。（二）高烈度設防地區：是指抗震（zhèn）設（shè）防烈度（dù）為八度及以上的（de）地區。（三）超限高層建築工程：是指超出國家（jiā）現行標準所規定的適用高度和適用結構類型的高層建築工程，以及體型特別（bié）不規則的建築工（gōng）程。
第五（wǔ）十條（tiáo） 搶險救災及其他臨時性建（jiàn）設工程不適用本條（tiáo）例。軍事建設工程的抗震管理，中（zhōng）央軍事委（wěi）員（yuán）會另有規（guī）定的（de），適用有關規定。
第五十一條 本條例自 年 月 日起施行。
（摘自建築時報）
